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Sun's old motto was "the network is the computer." Jon Bosak, one of
the fathers of XML, said Sun now believes that computing is moving to
a "service driven network", characterized by a service grid with
service APIs between the business logic and client APIs. In this
model, a service is something you send parameters to and receive a
response in return. Examples of services include auctioning engines,
a buy button on a web page, a sell button, the ordering system, etc.
Services have different characteristics, will be largely XML and/or
message based, can be dynamically located and loosely coupled.
HTTP has taught us that not all services need to be working 100%
of the time to be useful. SOAP's simplicity is a real virtue since it
doesn't demand security or reliability in some circumstances (e.g.,
stock quotes), but other services (e.g., trading services) do require
secure and reliable interchange. Sometimes we do not need to know
what happens behind the scenes of the message; we merely care about
the result (e.g., an Advance Shipping Notice [ASN]).
Bosak said "Sun is thrilled" about UDDI,
which is the entry point for advertising and finding net services.
Sun is active in the W3C XML
Protocol Working Group which has SOAP as
a starting point. Bosak called ebXML the "most
open effort [he has] ever seen". He painted this picture:
"ebXML is a set of
specifications that together enable a modular electronic business
framework. The vision of ebXML is to enable a global electronic
marketplace where enterprises of any size and in any geographical
location can meet and conduct business with each other through the
exchange of XML based messages. ebXML is a joint initiative of the United Nations (UN/CEFACT) and
OASIS, developed with global
participation for global usage."
Bosak described ebXML as eventually providing standard message
structures, defining business processes with clear business
semantics, defining trading partner agreements, and enabling off the
shelf business applications. Whereas EDI is for the Fortune 500
companies who can afford it, ebXML will eventually do all that EDI
currently does and much more, permitting the other 98% of the world's
smaller companies to enter the Global Electronic Marketplace.
UN/CEFACT and OASIS have 1800 participants. ebXML is in the delivery
stage, with specs, proofs of concept, and demos. He said, "ebXML is
where it's happening" because the effort employs the right technology
(HTTP, SMTP, XML, and UML), is at the right level of awareness (the
UN) and has the right vendor support, such as IBM, Sun,
Commerce One, and Ariba.
The ebXML effort is divided into a number of Project
Teams: